Incretin-based drugs and the risk of pancreatic cancer (Q13-06B)

Incretin-based drugs and the risk of pancreatic cancer (Q13-06B)

Incretin-based drugs and the risk of pancreatic cancer (Q13-06B)

Q13-06B

Overview

What is the issue
  • Incretin-based drugs are popular therapies for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
  • However, their safety is controversial, with some studies associating their use with an increased risk of pancreatic cancer.
What was the aim of the study?
  • This study assessed whether the use of incretin-based drugs, when compared with sulfonylureas, is associated with an increased risk of pancreatic cancer in patients with type 2 diabetes.
How was the study conducted?
  • Our researchers conducted six population-based studies with the health records of 972,384 patients from four Canadian provinces and two international databases.
  • In each study, the risk of newly-diagnosed pancreatic cancer was compared in users of incretin-based drugs versus users of sulfonylureas.
  • Information was then combined across studies using a statistical approach called meta-analysis.
What did the study find?
  • In the largest study conducted to date, the use of incretin-based drugs was not associated with an increased risk of pancreatic cancer, when compared to sulfonylureas.
  • Similarly, there was no evidence of a duration-response relationship, and the findings remained consistent in several sensitivity analyses.
  • These findings should provide considerable reassurance to patients and clinicians with concerns of an association between incretin-based drugs and pancreatic cancer.
Implications
  • These findings should provide reassurance to patients and physicians using these drugs.
Key message
  • The use of incretin-based drugs, therapies prescribed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, is not associated with an increased risk of pancreatic cancer, when compared with sulfonylureas.

Manuscripts

Secrest M, Udell JA, Filion KB. The cardiovascular safety trials of DPP-4 inhibitors, GLP-1 agonists, and SGLT2 inhibitors. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2017 Apr;27(3):194-202.

Filion KB, Suissa S. DPP-4 inhibitors and heart failure: Some reassurance, some uncertainty. Diabetes Care 2016 May; 39(5):735–737. [Invited Commentary].

Azoulay L, Filion B, Platt R, Dahl M, Dormuth C, Clemens K, Durand M, Hu N, Juurlink D, Paterson M, Targownik L, Turin T, Ernst P, CNODES Investigators. Association Between Incretin-Based Drugs and the Risk of Acute Pancreatitis. JAMA Intern Med. 2016 Oct 1;176(10):1464-1473.

Azoulay L, Filion KB, Platt R, Dahl M, Dormuth C, Clemens K, Durand M, Juurlink DN, Targownik L, Turin T, Paterson M, Ernst P; CNODES Investigators. Incretin based drugs and the risk of pancreatic cancer: international multicentre cohort study. BMJ. 2016 Feb 17;352:i581.

Filion KB, Azoulay L, Platt R, Dahl M, Dormuth C, Clemens K, Hu N, Paterson M, Targownik L, Turin T, Udell J, Ernst P; CNODES Investigators. A Multicenter Observational Study of Incretin-based Drugs and Heart Failure. N Engl J Med. 2016 Mar 24;374(12):1145-54.

Presentations

Project Team

Project Co-Lead
Pierre Ernst MD, MSc, FRCPC
CPRD
Project Co-Lead
Laurent Azoulay PhD
CPRD
Methods Lead
Robert W. Platt PhD
Content Expert
Kristin Clemens
CPRD
Lead Analyst
Matthew Dahl BSc
CPRD
Site Investigator
Laura Targownik
Manitoba
Site Investigator
Madeleine Durand MD, MSc, FRCPC
Quebec
Site Investigator
Michael Paterson MSc
Ontario
Site Investigator
David Juurlink
Ontario
Site Investigator
Colin R. Dormuth ScD
MarketScan
Site Investigator
Kristian Filion PhD
CPRD
Site Investigator
Tanvir Chowdhury Turin PhD
Alberta
Analyst
Simon Hollands MSc
Ontario
Analyst
Menglan Pang MSc
Quebec
Analyst
Fangyun Wu MSc
Ontario
Analyst
Greg Carney BSc, PhD
MarketScan
Analyst
Hui Yin MsC
CPRD
Analyst
Zhihai Ma
Alberta
Analyst
Jianguo (James) Zhang MSc
Saskatchewan